WORLD WAR I
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America's Role:
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Facts about the Selective Service Act (1917 Draft Act) - The Call to Arms
Selective Service Act Fact 1:Conscription was first implemented in the United States during the American Civil War (1861–65). The 1917 draft differed from the Civil War draft in that substitutes could not be hired to take the place of a drafted male.
Selective Service Act Fact 2:World War 1 began in Europe on July 28, 1914 and the United States entered WW1 on April 6, 1917. WW1 ended on 11 November 1918.
Selective Service Act Fact 3:The law was entitled: "An Act to authorize the President to increase temporarily the Military Establishment of the United States".
Selective Service Act Fact 4:President Woodrow Wilson had hoped that the response for the call for volunteers to fight in WW1 would be sufficient to avoid the enactment of the Draft.
Selective Service Act Fact 5:Selective conscription was put into effect with a national lottery to fix the order of military liability for the 10,000,000 Americans registered for service. The lottery randomly determined the order men were called before a local draft board in charge of selecting, or exempting, people from military service.
Selective Service Act Fact 6:The 1917 Selective Service System managed the induction of some 2.8 million men into the armed forces between 1917-1918
Selective Service Act Fact 7:The spirit of patriotism during World War I led to a high success rate, with fewer than 350,000 men dodging the draft.
Selective Service Act Fact 8:World War I draft registration cards were completed by approximately 24 million men living in the U.S. (98% of the male population) in 1917 and 1918.
Selective Service Act Fact 9:World War I draft registration cards provided details of name, birth date, birth location, father's birthplace, and the address of next of kin.
Selective Service Act Fact 10:Aliens were required to register but were not subject to induction into the American military.
Selective Service Act Fact 11:Only a small percentage of men who registered for the draft were actually called up for military service.
Selective Service Act Fact 12:The official drawing of numbers to determine the men of the country to constitute the first draft for the National Army was July 1917.
Selective Service Act Fact 13:Draft Boards: Not all of the men who registered for the draft actually served in the military and not all men who served in the military registered for the draft.
Selective Service Act Fact 14:Local Draft Boards: The function of the local draft board was the registration, rejection and selection of men of military age to the US armed forces. The local draft board was also responsible to the government for the mobilization to the military training camp.
Selective Service Act Fact 15:Local Draft Boards: The Local Draft Boards were responsible for registering and classifying individuals. There were five World War I draft classifications. Every registrant was considered belonging to Class 1, until his status (giving him the right of deferred classification) was fully established
Selective Service Act Fact 16:Various considerations were taken into account by the members of the draft boards to determine whether a man should be called up and the order in which registrants would be called including:
Selective Service Act Fact 17:Local Draft Boards: Conscription was decided by the classification of individuals. The firstcandidates were to be drawn from Class I. Members of each class below Class I were available for conscription, only if the pool of all available candidates in the class above it were exhausted. The classes were as follows:
Selective Service Act Fact 19:District Draft Boards: A district appeal board was established in each Congressional district to hear appeals from the decisions of the local draft boards. A final appeal from the district boards' decisions could be made to the President of the United States.
Selective Service Act Fact 20:The activities of the Selective Service System of WW1 were terminated at the end of the Great War.
Selective Service Act Fact 1:Conscription was first implemented in the United States during the American Civil War (1861–65). The 1917 draft differed from the Civil War draft in that substitutes could not be hired to take the place of a drafted male.
Selective Service Act Fact 2:World War 1 began in Europe on July 28, 1914 and the United States entered WW1 on April 6, 1917. WW1 ended on 11 November 1918.
Selective Service Act Fact 3:The law was entitled: "An Act to authorize the President to increase temporarily the Military Establishment of the United States".
Selective Service Act Fact 4:President Woodrow Wilson had hoped that the response for the call for volunteers to fight in WW1 would be sufficient to avoid the enactment of the Draft.
Selective Service Act Fact 5:Selective conscription was put into effect with a national lottery to fix the order of military liability for the 10,000,000 Americans registered for service. The lottery randomly determined the order men were called before a local draft board in charge of selecting, or exempting, people from military service.
Selective Service Act Fact 6:The 1917 Selective Service System managed the induction of some 2.8 million men into the armed forces between 1917-1918
Selective Service Act Fact 7:The spirit of patriotism during World War I led to a high success rate, with fewer than 350,000 men dodging the draft.
Selective Service Act Fact 8:World War I draft registration cards were completed by approximately 24 million men living in the U.S. (98% of the male population) in 1917 and 1918.
Selective Service Act Fact 9:World War I draft registration cards provided details of name, birth date, birth location, father's birthplace, and the address of next of kin.
Selective Service Act Fact 10:Aliens were required to register but were not subject to induction into the American military.
Selective Service Act Fact 11:Only a small percentage of men who registered for the draft were actually called up for military service.
Selective Service Act Fact 12:The official drawing of numbers to determine the men of the country to constitute the first draft for the National Army was July 1917.
Selective Service Act Fact 13:Draft Boards: Not all of the men who registered for the draft actually served in the military and not all men who served in the military registered for the draft.
Selective Service Act Fact 14:Local Draft Boards: The function of the local draft board was the registration, rejection and selection of men of military age to the US armed forces. The local draft board was also responsible to the government for the mobilization to the military training camp.
Selective Service Act Fact 15:Local Draft Boards: The Local Draft Boards were responsible for registering and classifying individuals. There were five World War I draft classifications. Every registrant was considered belonging to Class 1, until his status (giving him the right of deferred classification) was fully established
Selective Service Act Fact 16:Various considerations were taken into account by the members of the draft boards to determine whether a man should be called up and the order in which registrants would be called including:
- The medical fitness of individual registrants
- The needs for manpower in certain industries and in agriculture
- Special family circumstances and dependents
Selective Service Act Fact 17:Local Draft Boards: Conscription was decided by the classification of individuals. The firstcandidates were to be drawn from Class I. Members of each class below Class I were available for conscription, only if the pool of all available candidates in the class above it were exhausted. The classes were as follows:
- Class 1: Eligible and liable for military service
- Class 2: Temporarily deferred, but available for military service.
- Class 3: Exempted, but available for military service.
- Class 4: Exempted due to extreme hardship
- Class 5: Ineligible for military service.
Selective Service Act Fact 19:District Draft Boards: A district appeal board was established in each Congressional district to hear appeals from the decisions of the local draft boards. A final appeal from the district boards' decisions could be made to the President of the United States.
Selective Service Act Fact 20:The activities of the Selective Service System of WW1 were terminated at the end of the Great War.
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cost_of_wwar.pdf | |
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